*MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF METRO, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
**SMK NEGERI OF TULANG BAWANG,
LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Abstract
Quality of learning is the result of a teacher's
performance, improving the quality of learning is influenced by factors of the
performance of teachers and school leadership. The purpose of this study was to
analyze: (1) The impact of school leadership on the quality of learning, (2)
The influence of the teacher's performance against the quality of learning, and
(3) The impact of school leadership and teacher performance against the quality
of learning.Population as many as 151 samples used by 60 respondents us take of
Slovin. Date collection with questionnaires and using regression as a tool for
research. The analysis results obtained in this study as follows: (1) there is
a positive and significant impact on the quality of school leadership learning
in SMA Se-Tulang
Bawang. This can be explained by
the regression equation Y = 71.365 + -0.303 X1. With the regression
equation can be interpreted that if the leadership of the principal on the
quality of learning, so any change in the leadership of the principal variable
score of 3.4%, (2) There is a positive and significant impact on the quality of
the learning performance of teachers in vocational Sekabupaten Bone Onions.
This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 56.507 + 0.413 X2.
With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the performance of
teachers to the quality of learning, so any changes to teacher performance
variable score sebesar12,3%, and 3) There is a positive and significant effect
of school leadership and teacher performance together against the quality of
learning. Results of this study indicate that the better the performance of the
principal and teacher performance, the better the contribution to the quality
of learning. This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0303
X1 + 0,433 X2. With a significance of 13.4%.Conclusions from this research is the perception of teachers
on school leadership and teacher performance and significant positive effect on the
quality of learning in SMA Lampung Tengah.
Keywords: Leadership Principal,
Teacher Performance, and the Quality of Learning.
1.
INTRODUCTION
National development through education
is a way of educating the nation and improves the quality of Indonesian human
in realizing advanced society, just and prosperous. The purpose of National
Education intends to conduct national education development with the government
to make regulations on the institute
of National Education Standards
as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 19 Year 2005 on National Education
Standards is a translation of the Law No. 20 Year 2003 About the National
Education System. As stated in the general provisions of Government Regulation
No. 19 Year 2005 Article 1, on National Education Standards are the minimum
criteria regarding the educational system throughout the territory of the
Unitary Republic of Indonesia? National Education Standards has a function as a
basis for planning, implementation and monitoring of education in order to
realize the national education quality and qualified.
Process and
learning outcomes of students who qualified teachers would require maximum
performance. So that teachers can show high performance, not least the teacher
must have a mastery of the material what to teach and how to teach so that
learning can take place effectively and efficiently as well as a commitment to
carry out these tasks. Based on renewal business and improve the quality of
learning is getting stronger by using a legal umbrella Law on National
Education System No. 20 of 2003. Education is an essential need for every human
being, country or government during the reform era. As importantly, education
must always is grown systematically by policy makers or actors of education.
School principals play an important role in education, in
schools given the responsibility to conduct a full management of the
arrangement the wheels of school education. The main role of the principal is a
leader who controls the nets, provision of education where education itself
functions essentially as a transformation that transforms inputs into outputs.
Enhancing the quality of teaching, the
school principal should be responsible for the smooth running and the learning
process quality. The school principal is one of the most educational component
plays a role in improving the quality of education. Various important and
strategic efforts are scheduled to optimize the performance of school
principals is highly dependent on the willingness and determination principals
to make himself as a successful leader with optimal performance. A leader not
only managed to reach the tops of the leadership, but also can lead the school
community and especially the learners have made achievements beyond himself.
Guru is a major factor in the educational process.
Guru is one of the critical components for the
implementation of the educational process, where teachers are the main actors
as facilitators of student learning process organizer. Therefore, the
performance of teachers relates to the national education program. Teachers as
a factor determining the quality of learning. Because teachers are dealing
directly with the learners in the learning process in the classroom. In the
hands of teacher quality of their personality is formed. Therefore, it should
be a teacher competent, responsibility, skilled, and dedicated.
Teacher performance while not optimal, teachers perform
their duties just as a normal routine, lacking in creativity. Innovation for
teachers relatively closed and creativity are not part of the achievement. If there
are teachers develop their creativity, the teachers tend to be judged a waste
of time. The results of teacher training in the various fields of study have
not demonstrated their power is different compared with the performance of
teachers. Here are the results mean achievement that can be obtained from the
State Vocational High School Se-Tulang Bawang.
Tabel 1 Data Nilai Ujian
Nasional Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014 dan 2014/2015
|
NILAI
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Tahun
|
Bhs indonesia
|
Bhs inggris
|
Matematika
|
Kompetensi
|
Rata-rata
|
||||||||||
|
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
|
2014
|
4,11
|
5,12
|
4,62
|
3,35
|
4,08
|
3,72
|
3,71
|
3,08
|
3,4
|
6,48
|
6,38
|
6,43
|
4,41
|
4,67
|
4,54
|
|
2015
|
5,09
|
4,59
|
4,84
|
3,43
|
5,51
|
4,47
|
3,81
|
4,71
|
4,26
|
6,53
|
6,09
|
6,31
|
4,72
|
5,23
|
4,97
|
Source: Department of Education
National Exam Results SMK Se-Tulang Bawang
The above facts are very alarming, it is the
result of the teacher's performance, should the value of which must be achieved
by students in achieving the national graduation standard is 5.50, and students
of SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, still far from passing standards. Teachers do not
contribute to improving the quality of education, are in fact quite the
opposite. The above conditions seems to have become a culture and tradition of
the environment of educational institutions and does not cover the possibility
of the middle school Vocational Paramarta Se-Tulang Bawang, one indication
which shows the low quality of teaching is the fact the field is based on the
observation of the author on May 5, 2015, Visible of the average value of National
Examination which is still far from the National Education Standards.
This study was a descriptive study with a quantitative
approach kind of regression, a study to determine the effect of variables that
are grouped into two groups: the independent variables and the dependent
variable. According Arikunto (2013: 313) regression study is intended to
determine whether there is influence between two or more variables. Research
for the study will be able to predict the influence of independent variables
with the dependent variable.
2. DISCUSSION
Many experts have argued about the quality, as the opinion Tjiptono and Diana (2003: 3) states the quality (quality) is the
ever-changing conditions, which include efforts to meet / exceed expectations
of the customer, including products, services, people, processes and the environment. In the
opinion of Good (in Arifin, 2014: 38-39) The basic concept of education that
covers the following aspects: 1) the development of skills in the form of a
person's attitudes and behavior that apply in the community, and 2) social
processes when a person is affected by an environment who guided (school), so
that he can achieve social skills and develop personal. The quality of
education as one of the pillars of human resources development, a very
important meaning for national development. Quality education will only appear
if there are quality schools. Therefore, efforts to improve school quality is a
strategic point in the effort to create a quality education. In the National
Education Minister Regulation No. 63 Year 2009 concerning the quality assurance
systems of education Article (1) of paragraph (1), gives the sense that the
quality of education is the level of intelligence of the nation's life that can
be achieved from the implementation of the National Education System. Based on
the description above, we can conclude the concept of the quality of education
can be concluded that changing something into something else by integrating the
input of the school so as to create a situation fun learning (enjoy-able
learning), able to encourage motivation and interest in learning, and really
able to empower learners. Output education is a school performance that can be
measured by the quality, effectiveness, productivity, efficiency, innovation,
and morale.
Many experts have argued about the quality, as the opinion Tjiptono and
Diana Based on all the foregoing, it can be concluded the quality of teaching
is the ability of educational institutions (teachers and principals) in
organizing and managing learning resources efficiently in order to improve the learning ability of
students, with the following indicators: 1) the quality of the input active
learning, creative, effective and fun, 2) the quality of the learning process, the interaction, creativity, and varied, and 3) quality of academic
study, daily activities and independence of learners.
In his opinion Mulyasa (2004: 25) argues "The
principal is one component of educational influence in improving teacher
performance". The school principal is responsible for the organization of
education, school administration, coaching other education personnel, and
efficient utilization and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure. This
becomes more important in line with the increasingly complex demands of the
principal task, which requires the support of performance more effective and
efficient. Similarly, in the opinion of Wirawan (2014: 549) the principal is a
school leader and manager of the school or school administrator (School manager
or school administrator), which functions as the principal. So principals full
authority to bring the school to be better or it could be otherwise.
In his opinion Mulyasa (2004: 25) argues "The
principal is one component of educational influence in improving teacher
performance". The school principal is responsible for the organization of
education, school administration, coaching other education personnel, and
efficient utilization and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure. This
becomes more important in line with the increasingly complex demands of the
principal task, which requires the support of performance more effective and
efficient. Similarly, in the opinion of Wirawan (2014: 549) the principal is a
school leader and manager of the school or school administrator (School manager
or school administrator), which functions as the principal. So principals full
authority to bring the school to be better or it could be otherwise.
The kind of leadership in terms of the source and of
the characteristic features according to Hasibuan (2012: 170) the kinds of
leadership include: 1) an authoritarian leadership, 2) participative
leadership, and 3) leadership discretionary. A leader has a style and flair
that is different this will provide operational impact on an organization
(school). While leaders of functions in the opinion of Mulyasa (2013: 98-122)
function principals as leaders are as follows: a) The head of the school as an
educator (builder mental, moral, physical, and architects), b) The principal as
a manager, c) The head of the school as an administrator, d) principal as
supervisor, e) the principal as leader, f) of the principal as an innovator,
and g) of the principal as a motivator.
As head of the school will determine whether the poor
quality of education that leads, if the principal professional then the quality
of teaching will be qualified and vice versa if the competence of lower school
head will affect the success in school learning tersebut.Berdasarkan above
description it can be concluded that the principal's leadership in this
research is a way and business principals in influencing, encouraging, guiding,
directing and mengerakan teachers, and staff, students, parents and all other
parties concerned to cooperate and participate in order to achieve the goal of
education in schools has been established. The indicators to measure the
principal's leadership is shown by the compensation owned by the principal, in
particular: 1) Having a strong personality 2) understand the condition of men
with either 3) has a vision and understand the mission of the school 4) The
ability to make decisions, and 5) The ability of the good communication.
Based on the above it can be concluded that the
principal's leadership in this research is a way and business principals in
influencing, encouraging, guiding, directing and mengerakan teachers, and
staff, students, parents and all other parties related to cooperate and
participate to achieve the goal of education in schools that have been set. The
indicators to measure the principal's leadership is shown by the compensation
owned by the principal, in particular: 1) Having a strong personality 2)
understand the condition of men with either 3) has a vision and understand the
mission of the school 4) The ability to make decisions, and 5) The ability of
the good communication.
In
the opinion of Supardi (2013: 45) performance is an activity undertaken to
implement, complete tasks and responsibilities as expected and intended
purpose. Derived from the word has three meanings performance achievements,
performances, and execution of tasks. The ability and authority of teachers in
carrying out the teaching profession, with all its capabilities, in line with
this notion of performance.
In the opinion of the Supreme (2014: 41) the
teacher is the designer or the designer of learning associated with pedagogical
competencies that should be able to design well. Lesson plan should begin by
making sure that a lesson plan suitable for the program or lesson plan that aka
implemented.
Teachers are educators menpunyai role as
spearhead the transformation of assessing the knowledge and assess the attitude
and education goals to pesrta students because teachers directly involved in
the learning process or the duties can be said that teachers as a major component
in the learning process. Notch teachers occupy vital positions in improving the
quality of learning. In this context, the quality of education depends on the
quality of teachers, which consequently teachers are required to play an active
role in positioning themselves as professionals in accordance with the demands
of a growing community.
Law number 20 of 2003 on National Education
System Article 39 paragraph 2 states that educators are professionals in charge
of planning and implementing the learning process, as well as conduct research
and dedication to the community, especially for students and colleges. Article
40 paragraph 2 letter b, stated also that educators have an obligation to have
a professional commitment to improve the quality of education. Similar to the
above, the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 14 Year 2005 on Teachers and
Lecturers, Article 1 states that the teachers are professional educators with
the task of educating, teaching, membibing, direct, train, assess and evaluate
students on age children early in formal education, primary and secondary
education. In the opinion of Sanjaya (2006: 21-32) the role of teachers in
learning include: a) as a source of learning, b) as a facilitator, c) as a
manager, d) as a demonstrator, e) as a guide, f) as a motivator, and g) as an
evaluator and penetu success of learners.
So important is the role of the teacher in the
learning, which facilitate human technological prowess to get information and
knowledge can not replace the role of the teacher. From the above description,
the teacher's shoulders lies the responsibility is very complex. it can be seen
from the function and role of the teacher as a facilitator and director of the
study. As a facilitator, a teacher must be able to facilitate the learning
needs of students with and interest. Meanwhile, as the director of learning,
the teacher serves to direct the learning activities of students towards the
achievement of learning goals that have been set
Based on some of the theories above it can be concluded
that the performance of teachers is the ability and authority of teachers in
carrying out the teaching profession, with all its capabilities, the following
indicators: 1) create a learning plan, 2) implementing the learning, 3) assess learners'
achievements, and 4) carry out follow-up results of learning achievement.
3.
STUDY
a. Influence Leadership Principal (X1)
on the Quality of Learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact of school
leadership (X1) on the quality of learning in high school Paramarta Se-Tulang
Bawang (Y). This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0.303
X1. With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the leadership of
the principal (X1) with the quality of learning (Y) is measured with an
instrument developed in this study, so any change variable score principal
leadership of the unit can be estimated score of the quality of teaching will
change by 0181 units in the same direction. From the calculation of the
correlation between the variables of school leadership (X1) with the quality of
learning (Y) is quite good that is equal to 0.284. This shows the variables X1
and Y have a meaningful relationship. Empirically, the results of research
inform that principal leadership that reflected a significant and positive
effect on the quality of learning. Leadership of the principal amount of
influence on the quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, amounted to 3.4%.
The results of this study indicate that the better school leadership will be
followed by the increasing changes in the quality of learning.
b. Influence of Teacher Performance (X2)
Against Against Quality of Learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact the
performance of teachers (X2) on the quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang
(Y). This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 56.507 + 0.413 X2.
With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the performance of
teachers (X1) with the quality of learning (Y) is measured with an instrument
developed in this study, so any change variable score teacher performance of
the unit can be estimated score of the quality of teaching will be unchanged at
2,621 units in the direction the same one. Calculation of correlation between
teacher performance variable (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) relatively
low at 0.325, shows the variables X1 and Y have a meaningful relationship.
Empirically, the results of research inform that teacher performance reflected
significant influence and positive impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence the performance of teachers to the quality of learning at
SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, was 12.3%. The results of this study indicate that the
better teacher performance will be followed by the increasing changes in the
quality of learning.
c. Influence Leadership Principal (X1) and the
Teacher Performance (X2) Together Against Quality of learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact of school
leadership (X1) and the performance of teachers (X2) together to the quality of
learning (Y). The results of this study indicate that the better the
performance of the principal and teacher performance, the better the
contribution to the quality of learning. This can be explained by the
regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0303 + 0 X1, X2 433. With the regression
equation can be interpreted that if the variable of school leadership (X1) and
the variable performance of teachers (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) is
measured with an instrument developed in this study, so any change scores of
school leadership and teacher performance of one unit can be estimated score of
the quality of learning will change for 0000 units of X1 and X2 0 342 units in
the same direction. Calculation of correlation between school leadership (X1) and
the performance of teachers (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) is classified
in the amount of 0433 showed between variables X1 and X2 with Y variables have
a meaningful relationship even though the correlation is moderate. The amount
of influence school leadership and teacher performance jointly-sam on the
quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang was 13.4%. The results of this
study indicate that the better school leadership will be followed by the
increasing changes in the quality of learning. The results of this study
indicate that the greater the performance of teachers will be the higher the
quality of learning.
3. CONCLUSION
Based on the calculation, analysis, and discussion of the issues as presented in previous
studies. the authors conclude as follows:
a.
Principal leadership at SMK
Se-Tulang Bawang is based on the results showed in the low category. This means
that the principal has not shown good leadership optimal.
b.
Performance of teachers SMK
Se-Tulang Bawang including low category. This means that the performance of
teachers that are low on the capability of planning and preparation for
teaching, mastery of the material, control methods and strategies of teaching,
assignments to the students, the ability to manage the class and ability to make
an assessment and evaluation. Low teacher performance has implications for the
quality of learning that ultimately lead to the optimal learning results of
students.
b.
3 Quality of learning SMK Se-Tulang
Bawang is based on the calculation results in a lower category. This means that
the performance of teachers influence on the quality of learning. This proves
that one of the dominant factors in the success of the learning process and
results is the performance of educators. An educator as a major driving force
in the classroom learning process has been demonstrated in implementing and
learning and learning outcomes in the classroom.
c.
Leadership principals have a
positive influence and significant impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence school leadership directly to the quality of learning in
this study is based on the calculation results in the category of very good
potential. A dimension of school leadership that gives a significant influence
is the capability and motivation. Principal leadership is measured by the
quality of school learning has a significant impact on the level of quality of
school learning. This means that the low level of the quality of teaching high
school described by school leadership. The amount of the contribution principals
that directly contributes to the quality of learning. Thus it is clear that the
principal's leadership significantly influences the quality of learning.
d.
Performance of teachers have a
positive influence and significant impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence teacher performance directly to the quality of learning in
this study is based on the calculation in the very good category. Dimensions
teacher performance which provides a significant influence is the ability to
make the planning and preparation for teaching, mastery of the material,
control methods and strategies of teaching, assignments to students, classroom
management skills, and ability to make an assessment and evaluation. Teacher
performance is measured by the quality of learning has a significant impact on
the level of the quality of learning. This means that the high and low level of
learning quality is explained by the performance of teachers. The amount of
teacher performance that directly contributes to the quality of learning is
equal. Thus it is clear that the performance of teachers significantly
influence the quality of learning.
e.
Simultaneously, school leadership
and teacher performance significantly affect the quality of learning. The rest
is the influence of the other factors. Thus it is clear that the leadership of
the principal and teacher performance significantly affect the quality of
learning.
Based on the conclusions can be
formulated some of the results of research that is expected to be input for the
parties concerned. Formulation of suggestions /
recommendations emphasizes this to the principal in leading the school
(variable X1) and the performance of teachers (X2). Suggestions /
Recommendations are for principals at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang:
a.
Need improvement / development activities that can
motivate the Discipline increase teacher work either directly related to the
learning or the other that can support the improvement of the quality of
learning success.
b.
Need of school leadership to motivate teacher performance
is directly related to learning or with others who can support the improvement
of the quality of learning.
c.
Need to create a school environment that is open to
changes that occur in society. This will encourage the acquisition of knowledge
/ developing new ideas, which might be expected that a transfer of learning
through the implementation of innovative learning in the classroom, which in
the end through mutual learning in schools it will affect all the teachers who
are members of the school organization.
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[1]
Corresponding Author. No Telp: -, E-Mail
Address: ihsandc@ummetro.ac.id
[2]
Corresponding Co-Author. No Telp: -, E-Mail Address: asrohumas@yahoo.com
The Leadership and
Teacher Performance and Significant
Positive Effect on
the Quality of Learning in SMK Negeri Se-Kabupaten
Tulang Bawang
*MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF METRO, LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
**SMK NEGERI OF TULANG BAWANG,
LAMPUNG, INDONESIA
Abstract
Quality of learning is the result of a teacher's
performance, improving the quality of learning is influenced by factors of the
performance of teachers and school leadership. The purpose of this study was to
analyze: (1) The impact of school leadership on the quality of learning, (2)
The influence of the teacher's performance against the quality of learning, and
(3) The impact of school leadership and teacher performance against the quality
of learning.Population as many as 151 samples used by 60 respondents us take of
Slovin. Date collection with questionnaires and using regression as a tool for
research. The analysis results obtained in this study as follows: (1) there is
a positive and significant impact on the quality of school leadership learning
in SMA Se-Tulang
Bawang. This can be explained by
the regression equation Y = 71.365 + -0.303 X1. With the regression
equation can be interpreted that if the leadership of the principal on the
quality of learning, so any change in the leadership of the principal variable
score of 3.4%, (2) There is a positive and significant impact on the quality of
the learning performance of teachers in vocational Sekabupaten Bone Onions.
This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 56.507 + 0.413 X2.
With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the performance of
teachers to the quality of learning, so any changes to teacher performance
variable score sebesar12,3%, and 3) There is a positive and significant effect
of school leadership and teacher performance together against the quality of
learning. Results of this study indicate that the better the performance of the
principal and teacher performance, the better the contribution to the quality
of learning. This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0303
X1 + 0,433 X2. With a significance of 13.4%.Conclusions from this research is the perception of teachers
on school leadership and teacher performance and significant positive effect on the
quality of learning in SMA Lampung Tengah.
Keywords: Leadership Principal,
Teacher Performance, and the Quality of Learning.
1.
INTRODUCTION
National development through education
is a way of educating the nation and improves the quality of Indonesian human
in realizing advanced society, just and prosperous. The purpose of National
Education intends to conduct national education development with the government
to make regulations on the institute
of National Education Standards
as stipulated in Government Regulation No. 19 Year 2005 on National Education
Standards is a translation of the Law No. 20 Year 2003 About the National
Education System. As stated in the general provisions of Government Regulation
No. 19 Year 2005 Article 1, on National Education Standards are the minimum
criteria regarding the educational system throughout the territory of the
Unitary Republic of Indonesia? National Education Standards has a function as a
basis for planning, implementation and monitoring of education in order to
realize the national education quality and qualified.
Process and
learning outcomes of students who qualified teachers would require maximum
performance. So that teachers can show high performance, not least the teacher
must have a mastery of the material what to teach and how to teach so that
learning can take place effectively and efficiently as well as a commitment to
carry out these tasks. Based on renewal business and improve the quality of
learning is getting stronger by using a legal umbrella Law on National
Education System No. 20 of 2003. Education is an essential need for every human
being, country or government during the reform era. As importantly, education
must always is grown systematically by policy makers or actors of education.
School principals play an important role in education, in
schools given the responsibility to conduct a full management of the
arrangement the wheels of school education. The main role of the principal is a
leader who controls the nets, provision of education where education itself
functions essentially as a transformation that transforms inputs into outputs.
Enhancing the quality of teaching, the
school principal should be responsible for the smooth running and the learning
process quality. The school principal is one of the most educational component
plays a role in improving the quality of education. Various important and
strategic efforts are scheduled to optimize the performance of school
principals is highly dependent on the willingness and determination principals
to make himself as a successful leader with optimal performance. A leader not
only managed to reach the tops of the leadership, but also can lead the school
community and especially the learners have made achievements beyond himself.
Guru is a major factor in the educational process.
Guru is one of the critical components for the
implementation of the educational process, where teachers are the main actors
as facilitators of student learning process organizer. Therefore, the
performance of teachers relates to the national education program. Teachers as
a factor determining the quality of learning. Because teachers are dealing
directly with the learners in the learning process in the classroom. In the
hands of teacher quality of their personality is formed. Therefore, it should
be a teacher competent, responsibility, skilled, and dedicated.
Teacher performance while not optimal, teachers perform
their duties just as a normal routine, lacking in creativity. Innovation for
teachers relatively closed and creativity are not part of the achievement. If there
are teachers develop their creativity, the teachers tend to be judged a waste
of time. The results of teacher training in the various fields of study have
not demonstrated their power is different compared with the performance of
teachers. Here are the results mean achievement that can be obtained from the
State Vocational High School Se-Tulang Bawang.
Tabel 1 Data Nilai Ujian
Nasional Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014 dan 2014/2015
|
NILAI
|
|||||||||||||||
|
Tahun
|
Bhs indonesia
|
Bhs inggris
|
Matematika
|
Kompetensi
|
Rata-rata
|
||||||||||
|
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
UN
|
NS
|
NA
|
|
2014
|
4,11
|
5,12
|
4,62
|
3,35
|
4,08
|
3,72
|
3,71
|
3,08
|
3,4
|
6,48
|
6,38
|
6,43
|
4,41
|
4,67
|
4,54
|
|
2015
|
5,09
|
4,59
|
4,84
|
3,43
|
5,51
|
4,47
|
3,81
|
4,71
|
4,26
|
6,53
|
6,09
|
6,31
|
4,72
|
5,23
|
4,97
|
Source: Department of Education
National Exam Results SMK Se-Tulang Bawang
The above facts are very alarming, it is the
result of the teacher's performance, should the value of which must be achieved
by students in achieving the national graduation standard is 5.50, and students
of SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, still far from passing standards. Teachers do not
contribute to improving the quality of education, are in fact quite the
opposite. The above conditions seems to have become a culture and tradition of
the environment of educational institutions and does not cover the possibility
of the middle school Vocational Paramarta Se-Tulang Bawang, one indication
which shows the low quality of teaching is the fact the field is based on the
observation of the author on May 5, 2015, Visible of the average value of National
Examination which is still far from the National Education Standards.
This study was a descriptive study with a quantitative
approach kind of regression, a study to determine the effect of variables that
are grouped into two groups: the independent variables and the dependent
variable. According Arikunto (2013: 313) regression study is intended to
determine whether there is influence between two or more variables. Research
for the study will be able to predict the influence of independent variables
with the dependent variable.
2. DISCUSSION
Many experts have argued about the quality, as the opinion Tjiptono and Diana (2003: 3) states the quality (quality) is the
ever-changing conditions, which include efforts to meet / exceed expectations
of the customer, including products, services, people, processes and the environment. In the
opinion of Good (in Arifin, 2014: 38-39) The basic concept of education that
covers the following aspects: 1) the development of skills in the form of a
person's attitudes and behavior that apply in the community, and 2) social
processes when a person is affected by an environment who guided (school), so
that he can achieve social skills and develop personal. The quality of
education as one of the pillars of human resources development, a very
important meaning for national development. Quality education will only appear
if there are quality schools. Therefore, efforts to improve school quality is a
strategic point in the effort to create a quality education. In the National
Education Minister Regulation No. 63 Year 2009 concerning the quality assurance
systems of education Article (1) of paragraph (1), gives the sense that the
quality of education is the level of intelligence of the nation's life that can
be achieved from the implementation of the National Education System. Based on
the description above, we can conclude the concept of the quality of education
can be concluded that changing something into something else by integrating the
input of the school so as to create a situation fun learning (enjoy-able
learning), able to encourage motivation and interest in learning, and really
able to empower learners. Output education is a school performance that can be
measured by the quality, effectiveness, productivity, efficiency, innovation,
and morale.
Many experts have argued about the quality, as the opinion Tjiptono and
Diana Based on all the foregoing, it can be concluded the quality of teaching
is the ability of educational institutions (teachers and principals) in
organizing and managing learning resources efficiently in order to improve the learning ability of
students, with the following indicators: 1) the quality of the input active
learning, creative, effective and fun, 2) the quality of the learning process, the interaction, creativity, and varied, and 3) quality of academic
study, daily activities and independence of learners.
In his opinion Mulyasa (2004: 25) argues "The
principal is one component of educational influence in improving teacher
performance". The school principal is responsible for the organization of
education, school administration, coaching other education personnel, and
efficient utilization and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure. This
becomes more important in line with the increasingly complex demands of the
principal task, which requires the support of performance more effective and
efficient. Similarly, in the opinion of Wirawan (2014: 549) the principal is a
school leader and manager of the school or school administrator (School manager
or school administrator), which functions as the principal. So principals full
authority to bring the school to be better or it could be otherwise.
In his opinion Mulyasa (2004: 25) argues "The
principal is one component of educational influence in improving teacher
performance". The school principal is responsible for the organization of
education, school administration, coaching other education personnel, and
efficient utilization and maintenance of facilities and infrastructure. This
becomes more important in line with the increasingly complex demands of the
principal task, which requires the support of performance more effective and
efficient. Similarly, in the opinion of Wirawan (2014: 549) the principal is a
school leader and manager of the school or school administrator (School manager
or school administrator), which functions as the principal. So principals full
authority to bring the school to be better or it could be otherwise.
The kind of leadership in terms of the source and of
the characteristic features according to Hasibuan (2012: 170) the kinds of
leadership include: 1) an authoritarian leadership, 2) participative
leadership, and 3) leadership discretionary. A leader has a style and flair
that is different this will provide operational impact on an organization
(school). While leaders of functions in the opinion of Mulyasa (2013: 98-122)
function principals as leaders are as follows: a) The head of the school as an
educator (builder mental, moral, physical, and architects), b) The principal as
a manager, c) The head of the school as an administrator, d) principal as
supervisor, e) the principal as leader, f) of the principal as an innovator,
and g) of the principal as a motivator.
As head of the school will determine whether the poor
quality of education that leads, if the principal professional then the quality
of teaching will be qualified and vice versa if the competence of lower school
head will affect the success in school learning tersebut.Berdasarkan above
description it can be concluded that the principal's leadership in this
research is a way and business principals in influencing, encouraging, guiding,
directing and mengerakan teachers, and staff, students, parents and all other
parties concerned to cooperate and participate in order to achieve the goal of
education in schools has been established. The indicators to measure the
principal's leadership is shown by the compensation owned by the principal, in
particular: 1) Having a strong personality 2) understand the condition of men
with either 3) has a vision and understand the mission of the school 4) The
ability to make decisions, and 5) The ability of the good communication.
Based on the above it can be concluded that the
principal's leadership in this research is a way and business principals in
influencing, encouraging, guiding, directing and mengerakan teachers, and
staff, students, parents and all other parties related to cooperate and
participate to achieve the goal of education in schools that have been set. The
indicators to measure the principal's leadership is shown by the compensation
owned by the principal, in particular: 1) Having a strong personality 2)
understand the condition of men with either 3) has a vision and understand the
mission of the school 4) The ability to make decisions, and 5) The ability of
the good communication.
In
the opinion of Supardi (2013: 45) performance is an activity undertaken to
implement, complete tasks and responsibilities as expected and intended
purpose. Derived from the word has three meanings performance achievements,
performances, and execution of tasks. The ability and authority of teachers in
carrying out the teaching profession, with all its capabilities, in line with
this notion of performance.
In the opinion of the Supreme (2014: 41) the
teacher is the designer or the designer of learning associated with pedagogical
competencies that should be able to design well. Lesson plan should begin by
making sure that a lesson plan suitable for the program or lesson plan that aka
implemented.
Teachers are educators menpunyai role as
spearhead the transformation of assessing the knowledge and assess the attitude
and education goals to pesrta students because teachers directly involved in
the learning process or the duties can be said that teachers as a major component
in the learning process. Notch teachers occupy vital positions in improving the
quality of learning. In this context, the quality of education depends on the
quality of teachers, which consequently teachers are required to play an active
role in positioning themselves as professionals in accordance with the demands
of a growing community.
Law number 20 of 2003 on National Education
System Article 39 paragraph 2 states that educators are professionals in charge
of planning and implementing the learning process, as well as conduct research
and dedication to the community, especially for students and colleges. Article
40 paragraph 2 letter b, stated also that educators have an obligation to have
a professional commitment to improve the quality of education. Similar to the
above, the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 14 Year 2005 on Teachers and
Lecturers, Article 1 states that the teachers are professional educators with
the task of educating, teaching, membibing, direct, train, assess and evaluate
students on age children early in formal education, primary and secondary
education. In the opinion of Sanjaya (2006: 21-32) the role of teachers in
learning include: a) as a source of learning, b) as a facilitator, c) as a
manager, d) as a demonstrator, e) as a guide, f) as a motivator, and g) as an
evaluator and penetu success of learners.
So important is the role of the teacher in the
learning, which facilitate human technological prowess to get information and
knowledge can not replace the role of the teacher. From the above description,
the teacher's shoulders lies the responsibility is very complex. it can be seen
from the function and role of the teacher as a facilitator and director of the
study. As a facilitator, a teacher must be able to facilitate the learning
needs of students with and interest. Meanwhile, as the director of learning,
the teacher serves to direct the learning activities of students towards the
achievement of learning goals that have been set
Based on some of the theories above it can be concluded
that the performance of teachers is the ability and authority of teachers in
carrying out the teaching profession, with all its capabilities, the following
indicators: 1) create a learning plan, 2) implementing the learning, 3) assess learners'
achievements, and 4) carry out follow-up results of learning achievement.
3.
STUDY
a. Influence Leadership Principal (X1)
on the Quality of Learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact of school
leadership (X1) on the quality of learning in high school Paramarta Se-Tulang
Bawang (Y). This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0.303
X1. With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the leadership of
the principal (X1) with the quality of learning (Y) is measured with an
instrument developed in this study, so any change variable score principal
leadership of the unit can be estimated score of the quality of teaching will
change by 0181 units in the same direction. From the calculation of the
correlation between the variables of school leadership (X1) with the quality of
learning (Y) is quite good that is equal to 0.284. This shows the variables X1
and Y have a meaningful relationship. Empirically, the results of research
inform that principal leadership that reflected a significant and positive
effect on the quality of learning. Leadership of the principal amount of
influence on the quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, amounted to 3.4%.
The results of this study indicate that the better school leadership will be
followed by the increasing changes in the quality of learning.
b. Influence of Teacher Performance (X2)
Against Against Quality of Learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact the
performance of teachers (X2) on the quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang
(Y). This can be explained by the regression equation Y = 56.507 + 0.413 X2.
With the regression equation can be interpreted that if the performance of
teachers (X1) with the quality of learning (Y) is measured with an instrument
developed in this study, so any change variable score teacher performance of
the unit can be estimated score of the quality of teaching will be unchanged at
2,621 units in the direction the same one. Calculation of correlation between
teacher performance variable (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) relatively
low at 0.325, shows the variables X1 and Y have a meaningful relationship.
Empirically, the results of research inform that teacher performance reflected
significant influence and positive impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence the performance of teachers to the quality of learning at
SMK Se-Tulang Bawang, was 12.3%. The results of this study indicate that the
better teacher performance will be followed by the increasing changes in the
quality of learning.
c. Influence Leadership Principal (X1) and the
Teacher Performance (X2) Together Against Quality of learning (ICT)
There is a positive and significant impact of school
leadership (X1) and the performance of teachers (X2) together to the quality of
learning (Y). The results of this study indicate that the better the
performance of the principal and teacher performance, the better the
contribution to the quality of learning. This can be explained by the
regression equation Y = 71.365 + 0303 + 0 X1, X2 433. With the regression
equation can be interpreted that if the variable of school leadership (X1) and
the variable performance of teachers (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) is
measured with an instrument developed in this study, so any change scores of
school leadership and teacher performance of one unit can be estimated score of
the quality of learning will change for 0000 units of X1 and X2 0 342 units in
the same direction. Calculation of correlation between school leadership (X1) and
the performance of teachers (X2) with the quality of learning (Y) is classified
in the amount of 0433 showed between variables X1 and X2 with Y variables have
a meaningful relationship even though the correlation is moderate. The amount
of influence school leadership and teacher performance jointly-sam on the
quality of learning at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang was 13.4%. The results of this
study indicate that the better school leadership will be followed by the
increasing changes in the quality of learning. The results of this study
indicate that the greater the performance of teachers will be the higher the
quality of learning.
3. CONCLUSION
Based on the calculation, analysis, and discussion of the issues as presented in previous
studies. the authors conclude as follows:
a.
Principal leadership at SMK
Se-Tulang Bawang is based on the results showed in the low category. This means
that the principal has not shown good leadership optimal.
b.
Performance of teachers SMK
Se-Tulang Bawang including low category. This means that the performance of
teachers that are low on the capability of planning and preparation for
teaching, mastery of the material, control methods and strategies of teaching,
assignments to the students, the ability to manage the class and ability to make
an assessment and evaluation. Low teacher performance has implications for the
quality of learning that ultimately lead to the optimal learning results of
students.
b.
3 Quality of learning SMK Se-Tulang
Bawang is based on the calculation results in a lower category. This means that
the performance of teachers influence on the quality of learning. This proves
that one of the dominant factors in the success of the learning process and
results is the performance of educators. An educator as a major driving force
in the classroom learning process has been demonstrated in implementing and
learning and learning outcomes in the classroom.
c.
Leadership principals have a
positive influence and significant impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence school leadership directly to the quality of learning in
this study is based on the calculation results in the category of very good
potential. A dimension of school leadership that gives a significant influence
is the capability and motivation. Principal leadership is measured by the
quality of school learning has a significant impact on the level of quality of
school learning. This means that the low level of the quality of teaching high
school described by school leadership. The amount of the contribution principals
that directly contributes to the quality of learning. Thus it is clear that the
principal's leadership significantly influences the quality of learning.
d.
Performance of teachers have a
positive influence and significant impact on the quality of learning. The
amount of influence teacher performance directly to the quality of learning in
this study is based on the calculation in the very good category. Dimensions
teacher performance which provides a significant influence is the ability to
make the planning and preparation for teaching, mastery of the material,
control methods and strategies of teaching, assignments to students, classroom
management skills, and ability to make an assessment and evaluation. Teacher
performance is measured by the quality of learning has a significant impact on
the level of the quality of learning. This means that the high and low level of
learning quality is explained by the performance of teachers. The amount of
teacher performance that directly contributes to the quality of learning is
equal. Thus it is clear that the performance of teachers significantly
influence the quality of learning.
e.
Simultaneously, school leadership
and teacher performance significantly affect the quality of learning. The rest
is the influence of the other factors. Thus it is clear that the leadership of
the principal and teacher performance significantly affect the quality of
learning.
Based on the conclusions can be
formulated some of the results of research that is expected to be input for the
parties concerned. Formulation of suggestions /
recommendations emphasizes this to the principal in leading the school
(variable X1) and the performance of teachers (X2). Suggestions /
Recommendations are for principals at SMK Se-Tulang Bawang:
a.
Need improvement / development activities that can
motivate the Discipline increase teacher work either directly related to the
learning or the other that can support the improvement of the quality of
learning success.
b.
Need of school leadership to motivate teacher performance
is directly related to learning or with others who can support the improvement
of the quality of learning.
c.
Need to create a school environment that is open to
changes that occur in society. This will encourage the acquisition of knowledge
/ developing new ideas, which might be expected that a transfer of learning
through the implementation of innovative learning in the classroom, which in
the end through mutual learning in schools it will affect all the teachers who
are members of the school organization.
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